Highlights • DIN highly variable nearshore (1–25 m); stable at 50–75 m, especially phosphate. • Populated sites have the highest nutrient levels. • Limited macroalgae abundance constraints δ15N use for tracking nitrogen pollution. • BCM molecular profiles may capture anthropogenic nutrient signals.

doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115096
Ecological Indicators

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Staff publications

Capriati, A., Martinez, S., van Uden, Thomas Kemenes, van der Meer, Marcel T.J., Purwanto, van de Leemput, Ingrid A.& Becking, L. (2026). Integrating physicochemical and microbial indicators to assess small-scale nutrient pollution in the Lease Islands, Indonesia. Ecological Indicators, 189.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115096