We here describe Costus maasiorum, a new species from western Ecuador. This new species shares morphological similarities with Costus macrostrobilus, but differs in having plicate leaves, erect and triangular bract appendages, and semi-tubular elongate flowers. A phylogeny based on 5.9+ million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly supports a sister relationship between C. maasiorum and C. macrostrobilus. Additional taxonomic sampling in subsequent analyses indicates a close relationship with C. gibbosus and C. antioquiensis. A comprehensive taxonomic description, including detailed photographs and information about the habitat and ecology of the new species are provided. A preliminary conservation status is recommended as Least Concern (LC).

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Naturalis Biodiversity Center
doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2026.70.01.02
Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants

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Naturalis journals & series

Skinner, D., Valderrama, E., Clark, J.L., Landis, J.B., Harden, J.J., & Specht, C.D. (2026). Costus maasiorum: a new species of Neotropical Costaceae from western Ecuador. Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants, 70(1), 116–124. doi:10.3767/blumea.2026.70.01.02