The interplay between evolution and its role in diversification of Nepenthes binds the studies of this thesis. How evolutionary mechanisms and timing relate to molecular divergence and phylogenetic signal in the genus Nepenthes were investigated. This in conjunction with distribution modeling and mapping anatomical characters – an approach that led to a broad understanding of why and how best to protect specific geographical areas for conservation of Nepenthes. All work was framed with an interdisciplinary approach, each chapter furthering exploration of the connective ties in how past evolutionary history and its impact on diversity helps us to predict future diversity.