In the skeletons of three species of Indomalayan bears, pathological changes are described that could be diagnosed as spondyloarthropathy and as discarthrosis/osteoarthrosis.

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Contributions to Zoology

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Naturalis journals & series

Kompanje, E., Klaver, P. S. J., & de Vries, G. T. (2000). Short notes and reviews Spondyloarthropathy and osteoarthrosis in three Indomalayan bears: Ursus ursinus Cuvier, 1823, Ursus thibetanus Raffles, 1821, and Ursus malayanus Shaw & Nodder, 1791 (Mammalia: Carnivora: Ursidae). Contributions to Zoology, 69(4), 259–269.