A key to the species is given of Psilocybe subgenus Stercophila (Romagn.) Noordel., with a full description of Psilocybe dorsipora, new to the Netherlands, and the status of subgenus Stercophila is discussed. Within subgenus Hypholoma section Psilocyboides four new subsections are presented, viz. subsect. Elongatae, subsect. Marginatae, subsect. Tuberosae, and subsect. Ericaeae. A key is given to the species of subsect. Elongatae, with comments on the species and full descriptions of Psilocybe olivaceotincta Kauffm., new to Europe, and a still unnamed dark-coloured species. New combinations within subgen. Stropharia and Melanotus are given.