The ascomycete Anixiopsis peruviana Cain is transferred to a new genus Xanthothecium v. Arx & Samson. The name Leucothecium emdenii v. Arx & Samson, gen. nov., spec. nov. is proposed for a soil-borne fungus with light coloured, smooth cleistothecia, catenulate asci, lenticular ascospores and an arthroconidial state. The relationships of both genera are discussed.