The genus Melanotus is revised. Its delimitation is discussed. A key is given to 21 accepted species. Of these synonyms, habitat, distribution, and illustrations are given. The new species Melanotus citrisporus, M. protractus, M. distinctus, M. vorax, and M. communis are described. Melanotus hepatochrous and M. flavolivens are described anew. A list of host plants is added.