The new Squamanita citricolor is described from Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo). It has a medium-sized basidiocarp characterized by a glabrous yellow pileus, a whitish to yellowish stipe rising from an ochraceous yellow, obconical, deeply rooting basal bulb, and very thick-walled fusiform pleuro- and cheilocystidia. Because it has to be assumed now that all Squamanita species are mycoparasites and that the basal body formerly called protocarpic tuber is in fact a deformed basidiocarp of another species infected by Squamanita mycelium it is proposed that the term ‘protocarpic tuber’ is replaced by the new term ‘cecidiocarp’.