The cichlid genus Crenicichla from the Tocantins river, State of Pará, Brazil, with descriptions of four new species (Pisces, Perciformes, Cichlidae)

A large collection of fish specimens assembled by the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA) in the Tocantins River, State of Pará, Brazil yielded nine species (four of which are new) of the cichlid genus Crenicichla; C. astroblepa n. sp.; C. compressiceps n. sp.; C. cyclostoma n. sp.; C. jegui n. sp.; C. johanna Heckel, 1840; C. labrina (Spix & Agassiz, 1829); C. lugubris Heckel, 1840; C. notophthalma Regan, 1913; and C. reticulata (Heckel, 1840). A tenth species, described from the Tocantins River, C. cametana Steindachner, 1911 is, although not found in the INPA collection, included in this paper. Eight of the species are described and illustrated. C. labrina is removed from synonymy, C. strigata Günther, 1862 is synonymized with C. lugubris. Lectotypes are designated for C. cametana, C. labrina, and C. notophthalma. The type-locality of C. labrina is restricted. Type material of previously described Crenicichla spp. recorded from the Tocantins River has been examined. A key to the species is provided. Distribution maps and comments on the habitat are included.