A re-examination of the female holotype of Libellula (Oligoclada) abbreviata Rambur (1842) from Cayenne, deposited in the collection of de Selys Longchamps at the Brussels Museum, has brought to light that this is a female of Oligoclada raineyi Ris (1919), described after a single male from British Guiana. It could be compared with a pair captured in copulation of Oligoclada raineyi Ris (1919), from the interior of Surinam. The misidentified male of O. abbreviata discussed by Ris (1911), is now named O. risi spec. nov. A copulating pair of this insect was also found in Surinam and has been used for the redescription of that species.