The species P. angeloi spec. nov. (♂ holotype: State of Amazonas, Tefé), P. basalis spec. nov. (♂ holotype: State of Minas Gerais, Porto Cabral), P. bidentatus spec. nov. (♂ holotype: State of São Paulo, Lins), P. microcephalus spec. nov. (♂ holotype: probably south-eastern part of Brazil) and the hitherto unknown female of P. nigellus Belle are described and illustrated. A key to the Brazilian species of Progomphus is added.